【People's Education Press】Senior High School Geography Optional Compulsory Module Volume 1

This course is an optional compulsory module for high school geography, systematically covering core topics in physical geography such as Earth's movements, landform formation, atmospheric motion, water movement, and the integrity and diversity of natural environments.

Explore natural laws, uncover the mysteries of Earth's motion and surface evolution.

Author: People's Education Press Curriculum Textbook Research Institute, Geography Curriculum Textbook Research and Development Center

Acknowledgments: Approved by the National Textbook Committee Expert Committee (2019)

1. Accurately describe the direction, period, and velocity characteristics of Earth's rotation and revolution, and explain the meaning of the obliquity of the ecliptic.
2. Draw the trajectory of the solar zenith point’s return movement and apply time zone calculation methods to solve real-world time conversion problems.
3. Analyze and summarize the spatiotemporal patterns of day length and noon solar altitude across the globe.
4. Distinguish between endogenic and exogenic forces and their impacts on landforms, and explain the process of lithospheric material cycling.
5. Accurately identify folds (anticlines, synclines) and faults, and analyze how plate movements shape macro-scale landforms (mountain ranges, ocean trenches, rift valleys).
6. Describe the evolution of fluvial landforms (valleys, alluvial fans, deltas), and evaluate the influence of geological and geomorphological features on human transportation and settlement site selection.
7. Identify and analyze weather systems: Recognize the structures of cold fronts, warm fronts, cyclones (low pressure), and anticyclones (high pressure), and predict weather changes before and after their passage.
8. Construct a global circulation model: Understand the mechanisms behind the three-cell circulation model, accurately label the positions of the seven pressure belts and six wind belts globally, and their seasonal migration patterns.
9. Explain climate origins and landscape associations: Explain how the thermal properties of land and sea affect monsoon circulation, and analyze how atmospheric circulation determines specific regional climate types and corresponding natural landscape characteristics.
10. Identify different types of terrestrial water bodies and apply the principle of water level differences to analyze their mutual replenishment relationships.